Croatian Travel: A Short History
A Short History of Croatia
Croatia has a unique and fascinating history that dates back to the existence of prehistoric civilizations and passes through more than two thousand years of changing empires and rule. These cultures were often assimilated into the area, making Croatia one of the most diverse and interesting places along the Adriatic coast.
Known for its crystal clear, blue waters, the coastal country has drawn a variety of peoples to its beautiful shores. It has held significant ports for trade and exploration due to its accessibility along the Adriatic Sea. Beginning with the ancient Greeks in the 6th century BC, the trade routes remained important to the region. By 11 BC, the Roman Empire conquered the entire area and spent the next five hundred years building beautiful stone palaces, amphitheaters, and a network of roads throughout the region. Today, some of the most significant and well-preserved Roman ruins are located in Croatia.
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Slavs moved into the area and a period of constant struggle and change of ruling powers began. Power struggles between the Croats, Slavs, Avars, Byzantines, and Hungarians constantly battled over the land. During the Middle Ages the area experienced some of its darkest times under Venetian rule which suppressed culture, the economy, and decimated the area of its natural resources in order to supply the Venetians with whatever they wanted to take.
In 1805, Napoleon invaded the area and the Dalmatian coast began to rebuild in order to return it to its original glory. His rule only lasted ten short years and after the Napoleonic Empire fell, Croatia came under both Hungarian and Austrian rule. As the economy, shipping, and trade once again began to flourish, the people continued to rebuild. However, through two World Wars and other civil unrest, the area went through a period of ups and downs once again. During the 1990s the country engaged in a very bitter and costly war of independence against the ruling Yugoslav Army, led by Slobodan Milosevic. Eventually Croatia stood victorious and today is an independent state that boasts beautiful scenery, a rich history, and friendly people.
